Numerical modelling of wood under combined loading of compression perpendicular to the grain and rolling shear

Numerical modeling is an efficient tool for experimental validation and gaining a deeper understanding of complex material phenomena, especially when causal relationships are overlaid by variability. Wood such highly orthotropic material, which in engineering problems however considered as macro-homogeneous. The aim this study to numerically investigate stress strain states wood the radial-tangential plane influence behavior on structural response. Model based experiments performed clear Norway spruce (Picea abies) using biaxial test setup. Three models were used, namely Hill’s plasticity model, Hoffman criterion novel quadratic multi-surface (QMS) criterion. After local scale, applied problem compression perpendicular grain studying effect unloaded length. As part, annual ring structure global elasto-plastic force–displacement under investigated. failure was found be least suitable at both length scales, QMS criteria showed quite good agreement with terms relations distributions different loading situations, combinations radial compression, while there less tangential compression. Application these yielded similar trends observed tests. A reasonable response observed, model significantly overestimated force carrying capacity. Differences situations well line literature findings curvature overall could quantified.